Cylinder-liner.



Patntea .11.11.24, 1911.

J. W. MOORE.

CYLINDER LINER.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 17, 1910.

E1s-g3;

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

JOSEPH W. MOORE, 0F WEST ALLIS, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO ALLIS-CHALMERS COM- PANY, 0F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

CYLINDER-LINER.

Specification of Iietters Patent.

Patented Jan'. 24, 1911.

' Application filed November 17, 1910.- Serial No. 592,903.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH IV. Moons, a citizen of the United States, residing at West Allis, in the county of Milwaukee and State of W'isconsin, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Cylinder-Liners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the construction of engine cylinders and more particularly to the construction of bushingsor liners and means for fastening same to the interior walls of the cylinders.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple and eiicient means for attaching liners to cylinder Walls.

In the manufacture of pumping engine, gas engine or steam engine cylinders, it has been'found difficult especially in the larger sizes, to obtain cast metal on the interior Working surfaces of the cylinders, which is free from foreign matter or defects such as slaoand blow holes. To overcome this diliculty it has been customary to counterbore the cast metal cylinder and insert a Wearing liner therein. These inserted liners are usually shrunk into position within the cylinder bore by simultaneously heating the cylinder wall and cooling the liner,'and after inserting the liner within the cylinder, caus- ,l

ing a sudden reverse change of temperature in the members.

The manufacturers of cylinders having the shrunk-in liners have been confronted with the difliculty of preventing end displacementof these liners, due to the reciprocation of the piston thereovcr, and it is the object of the present invention to obviate this'diiiiculty by positively locking the members together.

A clear conception of one embodiment of the invention can behobtained by referring to the accompanying drawing in which like reference characters designate the saine or similar parts in the various views. j Figure 1 is a fragmentary central vertical section through a gas engine cylinder wall showing a shrunk-in liner in position therein. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section through the cylinder Wall and liner shown in Fig. 1, the section being taken through the dis lacement'preventing lugs formed on the cylinder wall. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional enlarged view of the cylinder Wall and lining members.

constitutes the lining member of the cylinr der, has portions 3, 2, of different diameters i A on either side of its mid-portion. As shown, the portion 3 is of somewhat larger external diameter than the portion 2. Inwardly projectin radial pads or lugs 4 are formed in one wlth the wall of the cylinder 1 adjacent the mid-portion thereof. Outwardly projecting radial pads or lugs 5 are formed in one with the liner 32 adjacent the mid-portion thereof. The pads or lugs 4, 5, are of substantially equal dimensions and are of less circumferential length than the recesses or spaces 6 formed between them.

In constructing the cylinder 1, the cylinder Wall member is bored to two diameters, the one slightly less than the outside diameter of the liner portion 2, and the other or counter-bore slightly less than the outside diameter of the liner portion 3. The larger bore extends into the Wall member of the cylinder 1,.to the pads or lugs 4.

The one-piece llning member or liner 32 is formed with a through bore and has its portions 3, 2 turned to Aoutside diameters which are slightly larger than the inside diameters of the larger and smaller bores, respectively, of the wall member of the cylinder 1.

With the cylinder wall member and hner 32 thus properly machined and ready for coaction, the wall member of the cyllnder `1 is heated to a high degree of temperature by means of steam admitted to the jacket surrounding the said wall member, thus 9 causing the wall to expand. False heads inserted into the ends of the lining member or liner 32 form a closed chamber which is filled with a cold medium, such asvwater, thus causing the liner to contract. The heating of the wall member of cylinder 1 causes the diameters to increase while the cooling of the liner 32 causes its diameters to decrease, so that the liner 32 can be inserted freely into the bore of the cylinder 1. lVith the members thus relatively expanded and contracted, the liner-32 is inserted longitudinally within the Wall of the cylinder 1 until the outwardly projecting lugs 5 of the liner 32 have passed the inwardly projecting lugs llt) 4 of "the cylinder 1, and coact against the end of the counter-l; ore portion of the cylinder Wall having least diameter. Such insertion ismade possible since the outwardly projecting lugs 5 of the liningA member or liner 32 can pass freely through the recesses or spaces G formed intermediate the in"- W'ardly )rojecting lugs 4 of the wall member of tie cylinder' 1, while the inwardly projecting lugs 4 pass freely through the recesses or spaces 6 intermediate the outwardly projecting lugs 5 of the lining member or liner 32.

Upon having passed the inwardly projecting lugs 4 with its outwardly projecting` lugs 5, the liner 32 is given a partial. rotation until the adjacent lugs 5 of the liner and lugs 4 of the cylinder 1 are brought in alinement with each other as shown in Fig. 1. 'The steam jacket is then removed from the cylinder Wall While the cooling medium is removed from the interior of the liner 32. This sudden change in temperature in the Wall of the cylinder 1 and liner 32 causes the members to contract and expand respectively, lthereby bringing them into rm coaction With each other.

The spaces G exist between the assembled parts by reason of the registering of the lugs 4, 5, the spaces betweenthe lugs 4 on the cylinder 1 and between'the lugs 5 on the liner 32 constituting these spaces 6. The spaces 6 are formed between the lugs by chipping or planing away the metal. In order to allow the entrance of the. lugs 4 into that part of the groove adjacent the lugs 5, noting that during assembling the members the lugs 4 .on the cylinder 1 are longitudinally expanded and the groove on the liner adjacent the lugs 5 is longitudi-` nally contracted, the end faces of the lugs 4 and the corresponding end faces of the grooves adjacent the lugs '5 are similarly slanted instead of being cut at right angles to the axis of the members. This slanting of the lugs 4 need only be at one end thereof and at the corresponding end face of the groove. Entry is thus easily. effected, the members ybeing slightly radially spaced adjacent the lugs 4during assembling of the members. The restoration of the members to their normal temperatures Will destroy this radial spacing and lock same firmly to gether. j

It- Will be noted that with the lugs 4, 5, in alinement with each other, the possibility of the liner 32 being displaced longitudinally of the cylinder 1 by the reciprocation of a piston thereon, is entirely eliminated? By forming a longitudinal displacement preventing means near the mid portion of the wall member of the cylinder 1, a free relative expansion and contraction of the portions 3, 2, of the lining member or liner 32 is permitted. Provision for such free relative motion of the members is necessary since the liners are often constructed ofa different material than the cylinder itself, the several materials used having different coetiicients of expansion.

It should be understood that it is not desired` to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described, for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

vIt is elainxed,A and desired to secure by Letters Patent,-

1. In a cylinder, a Wall member and a lining member, a projecting lug at the raid portion of each of said members, said lug on said Yall member adapted to be placed in longitudinal alinement with said lug on said lining member to lock said members together. f

2. In a cylinder, a wall member and a lining member, a lug having a space circumferentially adjacent thereto at the mid portion of each of said members, the lug of one member being of less circumferential length than the space adjacent the lug of said other member.

3. In a cylinder, a liner having portions of different diameters. and a lug formed on a portion of smaller diameter than the portion of maximum diameter.

4. In a cylinder liner,a wall member and a lining member, a lug projecting from the mid portion of each of saidmembers, and means for permitting the insertion ofsaid liningl member Withinrvsaid Wall member to bring said lugs in longitudinal 'alinement 5. Ina cylinder liner, a-wall member and alin-ing member','mea`1 is projecting from each of said members,-;said means vbeing longitudinally registrable and having slanting 'coacting end faces.

6. In a cylinder liner, a Wall member and.

a lining member, means projecting from'one of said members and having a slantend facev coacting with a slant end face on the other of said members.

7. In a cylinder liner, a wall member and a lining melnber, a lug projecting from said wall member and having a slant end face coacting with a slant end face on said lining member.

8. bored and counter-bored cylinder. a liner fitting said bore and counter-bore, the end of said counter-bore forming an abutment for the liner, and means projecting from the cylinder short of the end of the counter-bore and coacting with a slant end face on the liner.

In testimony whereof, I aiix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

JOSEPH W. MOORE.

Witnesses:

CHAs. L. BYRGN, lV. H. LIEBER. 

